What steel is usually used for PEBs?
PEBs include built-up
sections, hot-rolled sections,
cold-formed sections and
roof and wall sheets, explains
Nikhil Bothra, Managing
Director, EPACK Prefab.
Bothra elucidates the kind
of steel used for each of
these sections:
“Mainframe members like columns, rafters, beams and joists are made of grade 50, minimum 345 MPa yield strength while cold form members like purlins and girts are made of high tensile 345 MPa minimum yield strength,” says Manish Garg, CEO, Interarch Building Products. “The roof and wall cladding is made of cold-rolled, high tensile galvalume steel of grade 80, minimum 550 MPa yield strength.”
What change are we seeing in the use of
steel for PEBs?
PEBs typically used standard 345 MPa
grade steel in the form of hot-rolled plates, coils
and cold-rolled steel,
says D Raju, Managing
Director, Kirby Building
Systems & Structures India.
“However, the increasing
popularity of PEBs across
India for a wide range of
applications has improved
the availability of raw materials being locally
manufactured in India by OEMs. The industry
is now using higher grade 450 MPa steel for
high-rise buildings and other structures
as required while 345 MPa grade steel
continues to be used for industrial and
warehouse buildings. Steel makers are
increasingly providing construction materials
that enable energy-efficient and low carbon
neutral buildings.”
What are the biggest challenges facing
the PEBs segment in India?
Limited know-how has restricted the
adoption of PEBs in India, says Bothra. “People
trust traditional construction more than PEBs
since the latter concept is still new in India.
However, government initiatives and other
factors are contributing to the rise in the
awareness of the benefits of PEBs, and so, their
demand is set to rise. Most public buildings
are pre-engineered and made of steel. Besides,
traditional construction methods have not
been successful in meeting the
construction demands from logistics and
warehousing sectors.”
What factors encourage the use of
prefabricated steel buildings?
Nest-In prefab construction is two to three
times faster than conventional brick-and-mortar
construction, says Ashish Anupam, Managing
Director, Tata Steel Long
Products. “It cuts down
almost 70 per cent of the
weight of traditional
construction, as it requires
less foundation, less waste
disposal and redeployment
costs. Nest-In structures also
have a superior strength-to-weight ratio, which
lends them a high tolerance to adverse weather
conditions, strong winds, and earthquakes.
Nest-In has collaborated with IIT Hyderabad to provide structural stability certifications for its structures, which are designed for a life up to 50 years.” Nest-In offers solutions for large infrastructure projects through HabiNest, a Light Gauge Steel Frame (LGSF) construction technology; modular solutions for sanitation through EzyNest modular toilets, portable cabins through MobiNest; and premium home solutions to retail customers through Nestudio, a premium PUF panel-based housing solution, adds Anupam.
“HabiNest buildings are constructed in almost one-third the time it takes for conventional construction and provide environmental savings in the range of 48-61 per cent over a range of lifecycle categories in comparison to similar brick-and-mortar structures,” continues Anupam. “Nest-In has constructed a hostel complex spanning 14,000 sq ft and a medical college campus with G+3 buildings spanning 2.5 lakh sq ft for clients using LGSF technology.”
Population explosion and the lack of space in urban areas will spur fast-paced vertical construction, says Bothra. “Constructing a multilevel structure demands the deployment of strong, lightweight materials. Steel allows the construction of large spans and lightweight structures by virtue of its high strength. PEB steel structures can withstand rough weather conditions like wind loads better than structurally rigid concrete. Also, steel is 100 per cent recyclable and therefore, does not deplete the environment.”
How does the PEB industry in India
compare with the market overseas?
Mature PEB markets in the Middle East and
Europe are much ahead of India, opines Raju.
“The PEB industry took root in India in around 2000, while the Middle East saw its first PEBs 30 years prior to India and Europe saw the emergence of the PEB industry in the 1940s.
Mature markets use PEBs more innovatively than India. That said, India is now seeing the construction of not only warehouses but also complex industrial buildings and high-rise structures with PEB technology. Kirby India has ventured into the construction of commercial buildings either completely in steel or in a composite form that is slowly being accepted by developers in major cities across the country.
We are currently implementing a commercial office building of G+20 floors, and expect this trend to continue.” Steel buildings engineered, manufactured and supplied by organised PEB players in India meet global standards, opines Garg. “Indian PEB offerings are at par with mature Middle Eastern markets. Europe generally does not utilise pre-engineered buildings and mainly uses steel construction.”
What regions in India are ahead in the
PEB adoption curve?
As the desire for eco-friendly buildings
increases, the usage of pre-fabricated steel
structures has become a prominent and most
convenient construction method in India,
observes VR Sharma, Managing Director, Jindal
Steel and Power. “In addition to allowing
construction in an eco-friendly manner, the
pre-fabricated steel structure provides flexibility
in building designs and helps speedy execution
with minimal manpower. We have witnessed a
shift to structural steel based construction
methods in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil
Nadu, Karnataka, Haryana and Delhi majorly due
to a shortage of workers and scarcity of
construction materials. We see such trends
in Noida also. The rest of India will eventually
follow. In the coming decade, I foresee the
widespread adoption of steel structures as a
major construction material in buildings
and housing.