India’s planned coal mining capacity reached nearly 638 million tonnes per annum in 2025, reflecting expansion through new leases and capacity additions at existing mines. The increase is intended to meet demand from thermal power plants and steel producers while reducing dependence on imported coal. State entities and private developers are progressing mine clearances, equipment deployment and supporting logistics. Rail and port infrastructure will also require upgrades, while project commissioning will depend on timely approvals, capital availability and transport readiness.