Over the past 15 years, Mumbai has experienced a significant shift in its transportation landscape. Public transit usage, encompassing trains and buses, has declined by 15%, while the number of private vehicles on the city's roads has tripled. This change highlights a growing preference for personal vehicles, raising concerns about traffic congestion, pollution, and the sustainability of urban mobility in Mumbai.

Experts suggest that the decline in public transit ridership may be attributed to overcrowded trains and buses, frequent delays, and the lack of last-mile connectivity, all of which make commuting less convenient. In contrast, the increasing affordability of cars, combined with the desire for comfort and flexibility, has driven more people to opt for private vehicles.

The rise in private vehicle ownership has resulted in severe traffic congestion, especially during peak hours. This not only increases commute times but also exacerbates air pollution, contributing to deteriorating air quality and public health issues. The city's infrastructure is under strain, as it struggles to accommodate the growing number of vehicles on its roads.

In response to these challenges, Mumbai's authorities are focusing on enhancing public transit systems, including improving the frequency and reliability of buses and trains, expanding metro networks, and encouraging the use of electric vehicles. These initiatives aim to make public transportation more appealing and environmentally sustainable, in hopes of reversing the current trend.

The shift towards private vehicles underscores the urgent need for a balanced and integrated approach to urban transportation that addresses the demands of a growing population while ensuring environmental and infrastructural sustainability.