The central government supplements state measures in water resource conservation while states study, plan, fund and execute actions as water is a state subject. The Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari (JSJB) initiative was launched in Surat on six September 2024 to intensify community action in building low cost rainwater harvesting structures. The initiative mobilises community contributions, individual donations and Corporate Social Responsibility funds to construct borewells, recharge shafts and pits using local materials. JSJB aims to boost groundwater levels and provide local solutions to water scarcity through community participation.

The initiative emphasises convergent financing from central, state and local schemes including the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, AMRUT and the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana. Central Ministerial Nodal Officers from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and the Central Water Commission (CWC) are deployed to provide technical guidance and verify structures while state nodal officers oversee implementation. Support is provided under River Basin Management by the Brahmaputra Board for flood and erosion control.

The National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) provides technical and financial assistance for pollution abatement outside the Ganga basin and supports interception and diversion of raw sewage, sewerage systems, sewage treatment plants, low cost sanitation and riverfront works. NRCP has covered 58 rivers in 100 towns across 17 States at a total sanctioned cost of Rs 89705.1 mn and a sewage treatment capacity of 3019 mn litre per day. The Namami Gange Programme addresses wastewater, solid waste, riverfront management, environmental flows, afforestation and biodiversity conservation for rejuvenation.

Jal Jeevan Mission sets central to state fund sharing ratios of 100 to zero for Union Territories without legislature, 90 to 10 for North Eastern and Himalayan States and UTs with legislature and 50 to 50 for other States. Watershed development under PMKSY two point zero and minor irrigation schemes provide technical support and grants, and transparency is ensured through the Public Financial Management System (PFMS), General Financial Rules 2017, online monitoring and utilisation certificates.