The shipping industry finds itself at a crossroads as it endeavours to reduce emissions while grappling with a fuel dilemma. Efforts to transition towards cleaner fuels pose significant challenges, highlighting the complex trade-offs and uncertainties faced by stakeholders in the maritime sector. Amid global efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions, the shipping industry is under pressure to adopt cleaner fuels and technologies to comply with increasingly stringent environmental regulations. However, the transition to alternative fuels such as LNG, hydrogen, or ammonia presents logistical, economic, and technical challenges for shipowners and operators. One of the primary dilemmas confronting the shipping industry is the selection of fuels that strike a balance between environmental sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and operational efficiency. While cleaner fuels offer reduced emissions and improved environmental performance, their availability, infrastructure requirements, and affordability remain key considerations for industry stakeholders. Moreover, the transition to cleaner fuels necessitates substantial investments in retrofitting existing vessels or procuring new ships equipped with advanced propulsion systems. This poses financial challenges for shipowners, particularly amid uncertainties surrounding fuel prices and regulatory frameworks. The shipping industry's fuel dilemma underscores the need for collaborative efforts among governments, regulators, industry players, and fuel suppliers to address barriers to fuel transition effectively. Initiatives such as research and development, infrastructure development, and financial incentives may facilitate the adoption of cleaner fuels and accelerate the decarbonization of the maritime sector. Overall, as the shipping industry navigates its fuel dilemma, proactive measures and strategic partnerships are essential to drive innovation, facilitate fuel transition, and ensure sustainable growth in the maritime sector. By addressing challenges collectively, stakeholders can pave the way for a greener and more resilient future for global shipping.