The 2023-24 Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) reveals strong growth across several key metrics in the unincorporated non-agricultural sector from October 2023 to September 2024. Compared to the previous year, the number of establishments rose by 12.84%, employment grew by 10.01%, and Gross Value Added (GVA) increased by 16.52% at current prices. The sector also saw a notable improvement in capital investment, increased access to loans, and a significant shift toward digital adoption. Key findings: • Establishments: The total number of establishments in the unincorporated sector increased from 65 million in 2022-23 to 73.4 million in 2023-24, a growth of 12.84%. The ‘Other Services’ sector experienced the highest growth at 23.55%, followed by a 13% increase in manufacturing establishments. • GVA growth: The sector’s GVA rose by 16.52%, driven mainly by a 26.17% growth in the other services sector. Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and Gujarat were the leading states in terms of GVA. • Employment: More than 120 million workers were employed in the sector, an increase of over 10 million workers from 2022-23. The workforce in Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal accounted for over one-third of the total workforce. The proportion of female workers increased from 25.63% in 2022-23 to 28.12% in 2023-24, with 58% of establishments in the manufacturing sector led by female proprietors. • Digital adoption: The use of the internet for entrepreneurial purposes grew significantly, especially in rural areas (from 13.5% to 17.9%) and urban areas (from 30.2% to 37%). Overall, internet use increased from 21.1% to 26.7%. • Capital investment: The average fixed assets per establishment rose from Rs 318,144 in 2022-23 to Rs 324,075 in 2023-24. Outstanding loans also increased from Rs 50,138 to Rs 53,710, indicating improved access to financial resources. Additional insights: • Registered establishments: The percentage of registered establishments slightly increased from 36.8% in 2022-23 to 37.2% in 2023-24, indicating a trend toward formalisation. • Industry trends: Other retail trade, manufacturing of wearing apparel, and community services reported the highest number of establishments and workers. Survey coverage and methodology: The survey covers rural and urban India (excluding some remote areas) and includes unincorporated non-agricultural establishments in manufacturing, trade, and services. It employed a multi-stage stratified sampling scheme to collect data from over 498,000 establishments across both rural and urban areas, with data gathered primarily through Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) using tablets. The full survey report and interactive data visualisations are available on the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation website. (PIB )