How new HAM criteria puts all on equal footing

21 Jul 2022 CW Team

The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has become the backbone of Bharatmala 1 & 2. Around 70 per cent of projects are given on HAM by NHAI. Under HAM, NHAI funds 40 per cent of the construction cost while 60 per cent is funded by the developer with own finance. NHAI makes a payment of 60 per cent of the construction cost along with interest on the outstanding amount (bank rate +3 per cent) and O&M cost over a period of 15 years to the developer, who is required to maintain the road for 15 years. As NHAI takes the responsibility of toll collection, the developer is not exposed to toll risk. Hence,this was a preferred mode for developers.

However,developers have become aggressive and started bidding with a low O&M budget to get a better NPV (net present value). Having realised this,NHAI has suggested changes in HAM biddings.

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Infrastructure Urban

13 Mar 2026

Implementation Status of Jal Jeevan Mission

Since August 2019 the Government has implemented Jal Jeevan Mission to provide assured potable water through household tap connections in rural India. At the start of the mission only 32.3 million (mn) rural households, representing 16.7 per cent, were reported to have tap water connections. States and union territories have reported that 125.8 mn additional rural households have since been provided with tap connections. As a result, of about 193.6 mn rural households roughly 158.2 mn, or 81.71 per cent, are reported to have tap water supply at home.\n\nThe State, district and village level st..

Jal Jeevan Mission Reaches Eighty One Per Cent Rural Coverage

The Government reported substantial progress under the Jal Jeevan Mission, launched in August 2019 to provide tap water to every rural household. At launch only 32.3 million (mn) rural households had tap connections and states and Union territories reported provision of 125.8 mn additional households by March 2026. Consequently, out of about 193.6 mn rural households around 158.2 mn, or 81.71 per cent, are reported to have tap water at home. The Finance Minister announced extension of the mission until 2028 in the 2025-26 budget speech. The Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen, launched in October 20..

Empowering Local Governance for Sustainable Rural Water Supply

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