India and the Netherlands elevated their bilateral relationship to a strategic partnership and signed 17 agreements aimed at strengthening cooperation across defence, critical minerals, technology and trade. The decision followed talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Dutch Prime Minister Rob Jetten in The Hague. The accords were presented as a comprehensive effort to deepen ties across economic and security domains. The agreements were described by officials as building blocks for long term collaboration across public and private sectors. The leaders unveiled a strategic partnership roadmap covering defence and security, semiconductors, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, space cooperation and green hydrogen initiatives. They committed to pursue cooperation on semiconductors and advanced technologies while building frameworks for research and investment. Both sides agreed to explore opportunities for joint manufacturing of defence equipment through technology transfer and industrial partnerships. The roadmap included measures to enhance joint research funding and regulatory alignment to speed deployment. Discussions also addressed a range of global concerns, including the situation in West Asia, disruptions to global energy supplies and developments in Ukraine. The leaders emphasised the importance of sustained dialogue, diplomacy and freedom of navigation to maintain stability and secure supply chains. They signalled intent to use multilateral forums and bilateral mechanisms to coordinate responses to emerging crises. Officials indicated that existing bilateral channels would be used to monitor implementation and resolve technical issues. The Netherlands remains one of India's major European partners and bilateral trade reached Rs 27.8 bn in 2024-25. The two countries agreed to expand cooperation in health, agriculture, sustainability, climate action and people-to-people exchanges in order to foster closer economic and social links. Officials noted that the 17 agreements are intended to translate the strategic roadmap into concrete projects and joint initiatives across public and private sectors. Business forums and cultural programmes will support the initiatives.